Admin
December 27, 2025
Dermoid cysts are one of the most common benign ovarian tumours. While they are usually non-cancerous, they often need surgical removal to prevent complications such as torsion, rupture, pain or pressure on surrounding organs. An ovarian cystectomy is the preferred treatment because it removes the cyst while preserving the healthy ovary.
This article explains what dermoid cysts are, why surgery may be recommended, how the procedure works and what recovery looks like.
What Is a Dermoid Cyst?
A dermoid cyst, also known as a mature cystic teratoma, is a growth that develops from germ cells in the ovary. Because these cells can form different types of tissues, the cyst may contain fat, hair or even teeth.
Dermoid cysts are usually slow-growing and are often found in women aged 20 to 40. They are generally harmless but can cause discomfort or lead to complications if they become large.
When Is Ovarian Cystectomy Needed?
A doctor may recommend removing the cyst when:
The cyst is larger than five to six centimetres
There is ongoing pelvic pain or discomfort
The cyst is growing quickly
There is a risk of ovarian torsion or rupture
Fertility is affected
The cyst appears suspicious on imaging
The surgery aims to remove only the cyst and protect as much of the ovary as possible.
How Ovarian Cystectomy Is Performed
In most cases, an ovarian cystectomy for a dermoid cyst is done using laparoscopy, a minimally invasive technique that uses small incisions and a camera. Open surgery is done only when the cyst is very large or complicated.
Preoperative Evaluation
Before surgery, you may undergo:
Pelvic ultrasound
Blood tests
Physical examination
Review of medical history
You may also be advised not to eat or drink for several hours before the procedure.
Step-by-Step Procedure
The surgery is performed under general anaesthesia, ensuring you are comfortable and pain-free.
Three to four small cuts are made in the abdomen to insert a camera and surgical instruments.
The surgeon carefully separates the cyst from the ovary.
A protective bag is used so the contents of the cyst do not spill.
After removal, the ovary is repaired if needed.
Once the cyst is removed, the small cuts are closed with absorbable stitches.
Benefits of Ovarian Cystectomy
The healthy ovary remains intact, helping maintain normal ovulation and hormones.
Laparoscopic surgery usually leads to less pain, smaller scars and a quicker return to normal activities.
Removing the cyst helps prevent torsion, rupture or infection later.
Recovery After Ovarian Cystectomy
Most women recover within one to two weeks after laparoscopic surgery.
First few days
Mild pain, bloating, spotting and fatigue are common.
First week
You can resume light activities, but should avoid heavy lifting.
Two to four weeks
Most women return to work and gradually restart exercise.
Take medicines as prescribed
Stay hydrated
Eat fibre-rich foods to avoid constipation
Avoid sexual activity for two to four weeks
Attend follow-up appointments
Possible Risks
Although the procedure is generally safe, risks may include infection, bleeding, adhesions, injury to surrounding organs or the formation of new cysts in the future. Complications are rare when the surgery is performed by an experienced specialist.
Frequently Asked Questions
No. Dermoid cysts are almost always benign.
The removed cyst does not return, but a new cyst may form in the future.
Yes. Most women maintain normal fertility after the surgery.
It usually takes between 45 and 90 minutes.
You will not feel pain during the surgery. Mild discomfort afterwards is normal and manageable.
Conclusion
Ovarian cystectomy is a safe and effective treatment for dermoid cysts. It removes the cyst while protecting the ovary, helping prevent complications and supporting long-term reproductive health. With early diagnosis and expert care, recovery is usually quick and smooth
Directly from our patients about their experiences with Amayra Health Care.
